The heart and center of the KaRo System is the capillary tube mat. This a mesh of conduits, with a diameter of just approximately 1/16" (2mm) through which water is discharged into collecting pipes.

KaRo mats are made completely of polypropylene materials. These KaRo mats are extremely flexible and can be installed in convex ceilings or around a column. Because polypropylene materials with stands corrosion so well this series of KaRo mats can be imbedded into plaster or concrete!

KaRo mats can be imbedded into walls, ceilings, and floors. They transform these component parts of your building into heating and cooling surfaces, which can be regulated easily and need only slight change of temperature.

The KaRo mats contain capillary tubes which are extremely thin, which give them a great thermodynamic advantage over similar systems with thicker and larger tubes.

Because the capillary tubes are so close together (approximately 3/8" inches apart) the heat emission of the KaRo mats remains even, which is a preconditioning of high cooling capacity. The capacity is limited by the dew point temperature, which is the temperature to which air must be cooled for dew point to form, and this in cooling capacity is determined, however, by the mean temperature.

Higher ripples or oscillations mean then less cooling capacity.

The illustration above shows the temperature Tmin of the KaRo capillary tube system is about the same as the mean ceiling temperature.

Despite their smaller diameter, KaRo mats experience very little loss of pressure. The water in a KaRo system runs through many parallel capillary tubes, rather than running through just one tube, as in a system with thicker tubes. The typical velocity of flow with the KaRo averages only 10 to 20 cm/second or 4" to 8" inches/second. The velocity in the capillary tubes is always laminar. That has the positive side effect that the loss of pressure in the KaRo mats grow linear with the amount of extra water and not quadratic.

Illustration Below:
"KaRo cooling can be switched on like a light." This is the feeling you get if you first turn on the KaRo ceiling in the middle of the day. After a few minutes, the KaRo ceiling begins to cool the room effectively. This is brought about by the very small amount of water in the capillary tubes and the positioning of the mats closely to the surface. In addition, the KaRo ceiling is able to regulate itself quite well!